What We’ve Said

What we’ve said about Boundaries

27 points from 5 episodes, newest first

Also searched as professional boundaries, boundary crossing, boundary violation

In short

Boundaries protect both patient and clinician from anxiety and give the patient predictable rules; the fewer hard rules you have, the more dangerous things get. Keep them strict and the same for every patient, tighter still with unhealthy personality functioning, where the boundaries are the treatment, and meet tests of the frame with warmth and a clear statement that this is a medical relationship.

What they are

  1. Boundaries protect the patient and the clinician from anxiety and give patients predictable parameters for how to interact with the clinician.

    “boundaries exist as a way to provide protection from anxiety for the patient and the clinician. And it provides patients with predictable parameters by which to interact with the clinician”
    9:56When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  2. A crossing is anything that risks harm to the treatment process, the patient or you; a violation definitively harms them. Crossings can further the work when they are processed appropriately. Violations are never acceptable: a sexual relationship with a patient is never acceptable under any context.

    “a crossing is anything that risks harm to the treatment process for the patient or you, and a violation is something that definitively harms the treatment process, the patient or you”
    11:23When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
    Also said in 1 more episode
    “Browning crossings can further the work when they're processed appropriately. Boundary violations are things that are just never acceptable. One example in psychiatry is it's never acceptable to have a sexual relationship under any context”
    12:09When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  3. Some boundaries are essential for every practitioner and cannot be changed, such as protecting confidentiality.

    “There are some boundaries that are absolutely essential to every practitioner. Things like protecting confidentiality, things like, you know, listening and doing like, yeah, there are things that absolutely cannot be changed”
    6:03When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  4. Patients' feelings and thoughts about the treater are par for the course in any long-term treatment, and especially in long-term psychiatric treatment.

    “all the feelings and thoughts that people may be having these issues are unfortunately core par for the course for any long-term treatment and in particular any long-term psychiatric treatment”
    1:20When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025

Why strict rules help

  1. The fewer hard and fast rules you have about boundaries and frame, the more dangerous things are. Even if nothing bad ever happens, you are making it harder on yourself.

    “The less you have hard and fast rules about boundaries and frame, the more dangerous things are. Even if nothing bad ever happens, all you're doing is that you're making it harder on yourself”
    8:14When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  2. There is freedom in operating within a system of rules, and it is anxiety-provoking to operate without one. Patients find it comforting and protective to know that if they do this, that will happen.

    “rules are important because there is actually a freedom to operating within a system of rules. And it's actually anxiety provoking to be operating within a system that doesn't have rules”
    23:39Tips to Avoid Burnout in Psychiatry (Outpatient, mostly)Mar 2026
    Also said in 1 more episode
    “Have it so that they know that if they do this, this is going to occur. And those expectations are very comforting. They're protective”
    26:14Tips to Avoid Burnout in Psychiatry (Outpatient, mostly)Mar 2026
  3. Courts and society love to hold clinicians accountable, even for things outside their control, so we recommend following some pretty strict rules and boundaries.

    “the courts and society love to hold clinicians accountable OK, even for things that are outside their control. So because of that, my recommendation, my personal recommendation is that you follow some pretty strict rules and boundaries”
    50:45When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  4. Especially when you are starting out, follow the rules relatively strictly. Something like a hug should be done only once you have a lot of experience.

    “especially when you're starting out and you don't have a ton of experience, it's best to just follow the rules relatively strictly. And I think something like a hug is something that should only be done or violated once you have a lot of experience”
    29:12The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  5. It matters less whether your style matches anyone else's. What matters is that your boundaries and frame are the same for all the patients you see in that setting.

    “it matters a little bit less whether or not you correspond to my style. What matters is that your Boundaries and frame match all the patients that you're seeing in that setting. That's way more important”
    2:27The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  6. Do not break a rule or standard of practice because you think it is for the greater good. Read your state medical board's disciplinary outcomes and you will find many people who lost a license that way.

    “you shouldn't violate a principle rule or standard of practice because you think it's for the greater good. You know, read your state board medical boards, disciplinary hearings or outcomes, and you're going to find so many situations where someone lost a license”
    26:53Tips to Avoid Burnout in Psychiatry (Outpatient, mostly)Mar 2026

How we use them

  1. A basic formulation is enough to set them: is this person relatively healthy or unhealthy in their personality functioning? With unhealthy patients, tighten up and keep your boundaries very, very strict.

    “The basic gist is, is this person relatively healthy in their personality functioning or unhealthy in their personality functioning? And with patients who are unhealthy, you really need to tighten and have your boundaries be very, very strict”
    42:28The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  2. For patients who really push boundaries, the boundaries are not nuisances that get in the way; they are the treatment. Being too flexible or too forgiving, or not acknowledging your own boundaries and resentment, misses that.

    “for patients that are really pushing boundaries, the boundaries aren't nuisances that get in the way. They are the treatment. So when I'm too flexible on boundaries, when I'm too forgiving, when I'm too like I don't acknowledge my own boundaries, I don't acknowledge my own resentment towards patients”
    6:50The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  3. Balance warmth with professionalism: the patient should feel warmth toward you and also understand that this is a professional relationship.

    “My goal is to balance them feeling warmth towards me, but also understanding that this is a professional relationship”
    18:59How to Do a Psychiatric Intake | The Art and Science of the First HourSep 2025
  4. Stick with "Doctor." It is not about ego: it sets up a role in which you are in charge of the treatment and there for the patient's good. Keeping the rule also gives you a little bonus test of patients' personalities.

    “My advice to the interns is stick with doctor. It's not about your ego. It's not about anything like that. It's to erect a role where it's that i'm in charge of your treatment and i'm here for your good”
    9:09When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
    Also said in 1 more episode
    “By maintaining the doctor so-and-so rule, you get kind of a little bonus test of certain patients' personalities”
    14:25When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  5. Escalating or allowing more and more physical contact is, in many cases, a road to hell paved with good intentions.

    “I do think that escalating or allowing more and more physical contact is just, you know, uh road to hell paved with good intentions in many cases maybe you're fine with it maybe you can get away with it i think it just depends”
    28:00The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  6. When a patient is late, do not just say no worries and carry on. Focus on it and talk about it.

    “I don't just go like, oh, no worries. You're 10 minutes late. We still have 10 minutes. Let's get this done. We focus on it and we talk about it”
    7:23The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  7. A clinic is not an emergency room or urgent care. It is a place where you have to, and get to, learn to wait and sit with yourself.

    “A clinic is not an emergency room. A clinic is not urgent care. A clinic is a place where you have to and you get to learn to wait and to sit with yourself”
    10:25The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  8. Get comfortable being socially unusual. The whole endeavor of mental health treatment is socially unusual.

    “you gotta get comfortable with being socially unusual as a mental health clinician, the whole, endeavor is socially unusual we have to understand that you know while we try to replicate certain early experiences for treatment purposes or at least echo them”
    30:58The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  9. Just as you respect the patient's boundaries, respect your own.

    “just as I have to respect their boundaries, I have to respect mine. And there may be times and maybe this is also like, you know, it's it's it's communion and agency and the therapist has both, too”
    27:10Why the Therapeutic Alliance Matters in Psychiatry: Recognizing and Repairing Ruptures with Dr. Catherine EubanksNov 2025Guest episode

Talking to patients

  1. When a patient wants more closeness, such as using your first name, hold the line: "This is still a medical relationship. The reason we are meeting is for your good. I'm not just here to be friends. I'm your doctor too."

    “I'll have to insist this is still a medical relationship. The reason why we're meeting is for your good. I'm not just here to be friends. I'm your doctor too”
    13:47When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  2. When a patient declares romantic feelings, do not reciprocate: "I'm not feeling those feelings. What I feel is care for your well-being as a patient. That's my job here." Ending treatment does not change it: a psychiatrist can never have a romantic relationship with a patient, and we do not keep friendships with patients after termination either.

    “I'm not feeling those feelings. And what I feel is care for your well-being as a patient. That's my job here. And that's always going to be my job as long as we're working together”
    35:28When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
    Also said in 1 more episode
    “even if i stop being your doctor ethically uh a doctor can never a psychiatrist type doctor can never have a romantic relationship a patient in the long term long term and i don't even keep friendships with patients after we terminate”
    36:56When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  3. If a patient shares feelings about you, normalize them: it is very common to develop feelings toward a treatment provider that may not make sense, that does not mean they are real, and taking them as anything other than a sign of underlying thoughts and feelings would interfere with treatment.

    “it's actually very common to develop feelings that might not make sense about your treatment provider, including myself, doesn't mean that it's real. And certainly it would interfere with your treatment if we take it as anything other than a sign of your underlying thoughts and feelings”
    57:52The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  4. A doorknob comment will throw you off. Weigh how much you need to deal with it right now, do the assessment that requires, and also protect the boundary that the session is over. You will sometimes fail, but try to keep your composure and keep things warm, interested and connected to the next session.

    “in any situation like this in the doorknob common you're going to be thrown off kilter as a clinician So you better try your best. You're going to fail sometimes to keep your composure and try to keep it warm, interested, and connected to the next session”
    47:20The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
    Also said in 1 more episode
    “You need to do an assessment of how important it is to talk about there, right there, and do the full assessment of how how much you need to deal with this right now, and also protect the boundaries of the session is over, I need to protect my time”
    45:40The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025

Pitfalls

  1. Therapists tend to be open, accepting and non-confrontational. Without a good understanding of why boundaries matter, early therapists and psychiatrists really struggle to set them.

    “the temperament of a therapist typically is open, accepting, non-confrontational. And if you don't have this good conceptualization of the importance of setting boundaries, I see early therapists and psychiatrists really struggle with setting boundaries”
    28:58Why the Therapeutic Alliance Matters in Psychiatry: Recognizing and Repairing Ruptures with Dr. Catherine EubanksNov 2025
  2. Many patients act out conflicts they cannot think about because the conflicts are so overwhelming, so a boundary test is not always deliberate.

    “a lot of patients act out their conflicts and truly because they're on. It's weird because they're unable to think about them because it's so overwhelming. They act them out”
    50:50The Treatment Frame in Action: Lessons from ‘I Fell in Love with My Psychiatrist’Sep 2025
  3. Be wary of discussing your own professional work and achievements when it is not pertinent to the treatment.

    “The only thing I can take issue about is maybe discussion of your own professional work and achievements when it's not necessarily pertinent to the treatment process”
    20:44When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025
  4. Malpractice insurance may specifically exclude coverage for "mishandling the transference," a disguised way of saying having sex with patients.

    “malpractice insurance might specifically exclude coverage for mishandling the transference which actually is a uh disguised way of saying having sex with your patients”
    34:11When Patients Fall in Love with their Psychiatrist: Sex, Boundaries, Frame, and LiabilityAug 2025

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From these episodes

Every point above is something said on the Psychofarm podcast, with the words as spoken and a link to the moment in the episode. It is education, not medical advice, and an episode reflects what we thought when we recorded it.

Educational content only. Everything here is what was said on the Psychofarm podcast, for clinicians. It is not medical advice and not a substitute for clinical judgment, current labeling or guidelines. An episode reflects what we thought when we recorded it, so check anything before you rely on it.